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v:ext="edit"> <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> </head> <body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=blue style='tab-interval:.5in'> <div class=WordSection1> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt; margin-left:0in'><script language="JavaScript" src="menu_array.js" type="text/javascript"> </script><script language="JavaScript" src="mmenu.js" type="text/javascript"> </script>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p> <div align=center> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=3 cellpadding=0 width=832 style='width:499.25pt;mso-cellspacing:1.5pt;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in' background="images/khaki.gif"> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:331.25pt'> <td width=827 style='width:496.25pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; height:331.25pt'> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:#004080'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/"><span style='text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'>Professor Arye L. Hillman, Bar-Ilan University</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:.5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <h2 style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Publications by topic<o:p></o:p></span></h2> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Recent </span><u><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; color:#548DD4;mso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:153'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/recent.htm"><span style='color:#548DD4; mso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:153'>link</span></a></span></u><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Books<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></span><u><span style='font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#548DD4;mso-themecolor:text2; mso-themetint:153'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books.htm"><span style='color:#548DD4;mso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:153'>link</span></a></span></u><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:11.35pt;text-indent:-11.35pt;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/international.htm"><span style='color:windowtext;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>Political economy and international economics</span></a> </span></b><b><u><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#548DD4; mso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:153'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/international.htm"><span style='color:#548DD4;mso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:153;font-weight:normal'>link</span></a></span></u></b><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:11.5pt;text-indent:-11.5pt;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/public_policy.htm"><span style='color:windowtext;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>Political economy and public policy</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:11.5pt;text-indent:-11.5pt;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/transition.htm"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Socialism and transition</span></a><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></span><u><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#548DD4; mso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:153'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/transition.htm"><span style='color:#548DD4;mso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:153'>link</span></a></span></u><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:11.35pt;text-indent:-11.35pt;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/short_papers.htm"><span style='color:windowtext;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>Short papers, comments, policy papers</span></a> </span></b><b><u><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#548DD4; mso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:153'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/short_papers.htm"><span style='color:#548DD4;mso-themecolor:text2;mso-themetint:153;font-weight:normal'>link</span></a></span></u></b><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <div style='mso-element:para-border-div;border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-align:center;border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;color:#004080'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> </div> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:#004080'>2. POLITICAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC POLICY<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:#004080'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>BOOKS<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><a href="http://books.cambridge.org/0521001145.htm"><span style='font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'>Public Finance and Public Policy: Responsibilities and Limitations of Government</span></a></span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>Cambridge University Press, New York and Cambridge UK 2003.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>2<sup>nd</sup> Edition, 2009<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana'>Chinese, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, 2006<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana'>Japanese, <span class=SpellE>Keiso</span> <span class=SpellE>Shobo</span>, Tokyo, 2006<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana'>Russian, Publishing House, State University, Higher School of Education, Moscow, 2007<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><b><span style='color:blue'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; color:blue'>40 Years of Research on Rent Seeking<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in;text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Roger D. Congleton, Arye L, Hillman, and Kai Konrad (Eds.)<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in;text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Springer, Heidelberg, 2008<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:31.75pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt; margin-left:0in;text-indent:34.75pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"'>Volume 1:<b> <a href="books/40%20years%20of%20rent%20seeking%20volume%201"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Theory of Rent Seeking</span></a></b> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:31.75pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt; margin-left:0in;text-indent:34.75pt;tab-stops:20.45pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Volume 2: <b><a href="books/40%20years%20of%20rent%20seeking%20volume%202"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Applications: Rent Seeking in Practice</span></a></b> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-indent:1.0in'><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><a href="books/40%20years%20of%20rent%20seeking%20introduction"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Introduction and contents</span></a></span></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p><b><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></b></p> <p><b><a href="http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=yl373EYoPhAC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PR3&amp;dq=manuel+hinds+a-hillman&amp;ots=BmER0EoOBv&amp;sig=-y7HtaILs-epeSNVdk91OuU5bSA#PPP1,M1"><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Markets and Politicians: Politicized Economic Choice</span></a><o:p></o:p></b></p> <p style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>Arye L. Hillman (Ed.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston and Dordrecht, 1991<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:#004080'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:#004080'>PAPERS BY TOPIC<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:38.15pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.25in; mso-list:l0 level2 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.1<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Behavioral political economy<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right: 0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:37.85pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent: -.25in;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size: 9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.2<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Rent creation and rent seeking<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right: 0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:75.7pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent: -.5in;mso-list:l0 level3 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size: 9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.2.1<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>The social costs of rent seeking<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right: 0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:75.7pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent: -.5in;mso-list:l0 level3 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size: 9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.2.2<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Institutions and the creation of rents<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:75.7pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:-.5in; mso-list:l0 level3 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.2.3<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Survey of the rent seeking literature<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:37.85pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana;mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.3<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Economic development and development failure<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:37.85pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana;mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.4<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Paternalist policies<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:37.85pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana;mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.5<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Public policy and public safety<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:37.85pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana;mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.6<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Clubs, privilege, and exclusion<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'> <td width=827 style='width:496.25pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>2.1 BEHAVIORAL POLITICAL ECONOMY<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:28.1pt;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;tab-stops:56.7pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>My 1997 Presidential Address to the European Public Choice Society [1] considered the study of rent seeking from the perspective of political correctness. A view of rent seeking as a politically incorrect topic is based on students not being exposed to rent-creating political behavior, and being rather taught that personal benefit derives only from productive activity. Yet presenting gains from rent seeking as deserved rewards given by political decision makers does not teach students the virtues of democratic vigilance. In [2] expressive behavior is defined as the self-interested quest for utility through acts and declarations that confirm a person s identity. Expressive voting is a case of expressive behavior. I introduce expressive behavior in the forms of expressive rhetoric and expressive generosity. The questions for society and for public policy are whether expressive behavior affects others, and if so whether beneficially or disadvantageously. In experiments, expressive behavior that is self-pleasing and pleasing to others benefits others. There are adverse social consequences when, in real-life decisions, the same pleasing expressive behavior results in unwanted public policies of expressive-policy traps. I consider the prospects for avoiding or exiting expressive-policy traps. In [3] I use an <span class=GramE>extended<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>book</span> review to describe a case study of expressive voting among voters in the U.S.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=cvreference><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=cvreference><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[1]  <a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/1998_Hillman_Political_correctness.pdf"><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Political economy and political correctness</span></a> , Presidential Address, European Public Choice Society, Prague, April 1997. </span><em><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana; font-style:normal'>Public Choice</span></b></em><span style='font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"'>, 1998, 96, 219-239.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 1.0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>Reprinted in:</span><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></i></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 90.15pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo6'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Forty Years of Research on Rent Seeking 2  Applications: Rent Seeking in Practice</span></b><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>. </span></i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Roger D. Congleton, Arye L. Hillman, Kai Konrad (Eds.), Springer, Berlin, 2008, pp. 791  811.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[2]  <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-50CDSDJ-2-1&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_user=10&amp;_pii=S0176268010000455&amp;_origin=browse&amp;_zone=rslt_list_item&amp;_coverDate=12%2F31%2F2010&amp;_sk=999739995&amp;wchp=dGLzVlb-zSkWb&amp;md5=d266607e61146adcf038ff9b822acbab&amp;ie=/sdar"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Expressive behavior in economics and politics</span></a> . </span><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>European Journal of Political Economy</span></b></span><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>, 2010, 26, 404-419.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:5.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in'><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>[3] </span></span><span class=MsoHyperlink><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> </span></span><span class=MsoHyperlink><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>Expressive voting and identity: Evidence from a case study of a group of US voters</span></span><span class=MsoHyperlink><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> </span></span><em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; color:#1F497D;mso-themecolor:text2;font-style:normal'>, </span></em><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>Public Choice</span></b></span><em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-themecolor:text2; font-style:normal'>, 2011, 148, 249-257 </span></em><span class=MsoHyperlink><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>(</span></span><em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-themecolor:text2; font-style:normal'>review article).</span></em><em><span style='color:#1F497D; mso-themecolor:text2;font-style:normal'><o:p></o:p></span></em></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in'><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 54.15pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>2.2 RENT CREATION AND RENT SEEKING<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:28.1pt;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;tab-stops:56.7pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Rent seeking is part of the study of political economy and public policy because of the social loss when political discretion creates contestable rents. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:28.1pt;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;tab-stops:56.7pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:28.1pt;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;tab-stops:56.7pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>2.2.1 The social costs of rent seeking<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:28.1pt;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;tab-stops:56.7pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>The social costs of rent seeking occur through the diversion of resources from productive activity before a rent is assigned. Rent-seeking activity is by its nature in general unobserved; however, models of rent-seeking contests allow values of social loss to be inferred from the observed values of rent-seeking prizes. Complete rent dissipation in contests permits the social loss from rent seeking to be directly associated with the value of a contested rent. In [4], complete dissipation is demonstrated for risk-neutral competitive rent seeking and computations are provided for consequences of risk-aversion by rent seekers. In [5], complete dissipation is shown to result for any number of risk-neutral rent seekers when rent-seeking contest takes the form of an all-pay auction (the highest rent-seeking outlay wins the rent). [6] <span class=GramE>extends</span> the all-pay auction to asymmetric valuations by different rent seekers in such all-pay-auction contests (which are termed discriminating because the contest establishes the identity if the winner; such contests are compared with the Tullock rent-seeking contest (which is non-discriminatory in that the contest-success function cannot identify a particular winner). [7] <span class=GramE>investigates</span> rent dissipation in hierarchies where parts of bribes are transferred from lower to higher-level officials. [8] <span class=GramE>describes</span> rent dissipation in dual or nested contests in which insiders are placed to compete directly for rents assigned through political decisions, while outsiders compete to become insiders. [9] <span class=GramE>evaluates</span> rent dissipation when rents endure over time: rent dissipation is diminished if future rights to rents are uncertain and if rents therefore need to be re-contested in the future or may altogether disappear.</span><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-language:HE'>[4]  </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.jstor.org/view/00130133/di983475/98p0220o/0"><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Risk-averse rent seekers and the social cost of monopoly power</span></a> , </span><em><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;font-style:normal'>Economic Journal</span></b></em><em><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana'>,</span></em><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> March 1984, 94, 104-110. <span class=SpellE>Eliakim</span> Katz co-author.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-2.15pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Reprinted in:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>The Political Economy of Rent Seeking</span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"'>, edited by Charles Rowley, Robert <span class=SpellE>Tollison</span> and Gordon <span class=SpellE>Tullock</span>, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1988, pp. 81-90.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>The Economic Analysis of Rent Seeking</span></b><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>,</span></i><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> edited by Roger <span class=SpellE>Congleton</span> and Robert <span class=SpellE>Tollison</span>, Edward Elgar, Oxford, 1995, pp. 243  249.<b> <o:p></o:p></b></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Forty Years of Research on Rent Seeking 1  The Theory of Rent seeking</span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>. Roger D. Congleton, Arye L. Hillman, Kai Konrad (Eds.), Springer 2008, pp. 97  103.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:0in'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[5]  <a href="http://www.springerlink.com/(0xm1qk55vu0dn455dzszanah)/app/home/contribution.asp?referrer=parent&amp;backto=issue,5,9;journal,168,264;linkingpublicationresults,1:100332,1"><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Dissipation of contestable rents by small numbers of contenders</span></a> , </span><em><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;font-style:normal'>Public Choice</span></b></em><em><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana'>,</span></em><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> January 1987, 54, 63-82.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=SpellE>Dov</span> <span class=SpellE>Samet</span> co-author.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-2.25pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Reprinted in:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Forty Years of Research on Rent Seeking 1  The Theory of Rent seeking</span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>. Roger D. Congleton, Arye L. Hillman, Kai Konrad (Eds.), Springer 2008, pp. 165  184.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>See also:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-style:italic'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='font-size: 9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> Characterizing equilibrium rent-seeking behavior: A reply to Tullock ,<b><i> </i>Public Choice<i>,</i></b> 1987, 54, 85-87.<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:0in'><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[6]  <u><a href="http://www.econ.ucla.edu/workingpapers/wp452.pdf"><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Politically contestable rents and transfers</span></a> </u>, </span><em><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;font-style:normal'>Economics and Politics</span></b></em><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>, April 1989, 1, 17-39. John Riley co-author.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Also UCLA working paper #452, September 1987 (revised March 1988).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-2.25pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Reprinted in:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo10'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Forty Years of Research on Rent Seeking 1  The Theory of Rent seeking.</span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> Roger D. Congleton, Arye L. Hillman, Kai Konrad (Eds.), Springer 2008, pp. 185  207.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:47.9pt;text-indent:0in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[7]  <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V76-45DMYMW-47-1&amp;_cdi=5834&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=11%2F30%2F1987&amp;_sk=999659997&amp;wchp=dGLbVlb-lSztA&amp;_acct=C000047720&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=1005079&amp;md5=40af96df770f5cef0e6b4b5c111d8851&amp;ie=f.p%20"><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Hierarchical structure and the social costs of bribes and transfers</span></a> </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana'>, <em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana'>Journal of Public Economics</span></em>, November 1987, 34, 129-142. <span class=SpellE>Eliakim</span> Katz co-author.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-2.25pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>Reprinted in:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo10'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>The Economics of Corruption and Illegal Markets</span></b><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>,</span></i><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> <span class=SpellE>Gianluca</span> <span class=SpellE>Fiorentini</span> and <span class=SpellE>Stephano</span> <span class=SpellE>Zamagni</span> (Eds.), Edward Elgar, Cheltenham UK 1999.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>In the series The International Library of Critical Writings in Economics.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo10'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-style:italic'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Forty Years of Research on Rent Seeking 1  The Theory of Rent seeking</span></b><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>.</span></i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> Roger D. Congleton, Arye L. Hillman, Kai Konrad (Eds.), Springer 2008, pp. 523  536.<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[8]  <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-40964VR-2-1&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2000&amp;_sk=999839997&amp;wchp=dGLbVlb-lSztA&amp;_acct=C000047720&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=1005079&amp;md5=2e2d14fc2a14bf06b29968fa65afa398&amp;ie=f.pd%20"><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Political culture and economic decline</span></a> </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>,<em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'> </span></em><em><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana; font-style:normal'>European Journal of Political Economy</span></b></em><em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>,</span></em> June 2000, 16, 189-213. Heinrich W. Ursprung co-author.</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-2.25pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Reprinted in:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:83.9pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo10'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Forty Years of Research on Rent Seeking 1  The Theory of Rent seeking. </span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Roger D. Congleton, Arye L. Hillman, Kai Konrad (Eds.), Springer 2008, pp. 219  243.</span><b><o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class=cvreference><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=cvreference><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar>[9] <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-4SFS0H9-1-3&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_user=856235&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=09%2F30%2F2008&amp;_sk=999759996&amp;view=c&amp;wchp=dGLbVtz-zSkzV&amp;md5=12375d09a16760b5eb6524a14cb9d8d0&amp;ie=/sdarticle.pdf"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Enduring rents</span></a>. <b>European Journal of Political Economy</b>, 2008, 24, 454  53. Toke Aidt co-author.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=cvreference><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar><b><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></b></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>2.2.2 Institutions and the creation of rents</span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Rent creation and rent seeking require facilitating institutions. Rent creation under communism is described in [10]. The rents created under a  market socialism economic system (where there are markets but limited private ownership) are described in [11], which also listed all monopolies by ownership and legal and implicit cartels. Both [9] and [10] are in the domain of economic history. [12] <span class=GramE>considers</span> rents in the context of fiscal federalism in China. [13] <span class=GramE>describes</span> the political incentives to create new political jurisdictions for the purpose of rent creation. </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>[</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>14] <span class=GramE>and</span> [14a] involve the institution of a leviathan or king with all-encompassing power, as proposed by Hobbes. <a href="%20http:/www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V76-458WPKC-9H-1&amp;_cdi=5834&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=02%2F28%2F1983&amp;_sk=999799998&amp;wchp=dGLbVtb-lSztW&amp;_acct=C000047720&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=1005079&amp;md5=20ea6b9631b956c90abbd6ebdc8a75f4&amp;ie=%20"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Hobbes used a quote from the prophet Samuel to justify leviathan government. However, Samuel warned against the consequences of the centralized power of a king. </span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[10]  <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V7M-45N5059-17-1&amp;_cdi=5846&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=06%2F30%2F1986&amp;_sk=999939998&amp;wchp=dGLbVlz-lSztW&amp;_acct=C000047720&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=1005079&amp;md5=d2d3e2db025dddb18f6be0f2d19ac491&amp;ie=f.p%20"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Illegal activities and purges in a Soviet-type economy: A rent-seeking perspective</span></a> <b><i>, </i><em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";font-style:normal'>International Review of Law and Economics</span></em></b>, June 1986, 6, 87-99.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Adi Schnytzer co-author.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-2.25pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Reprinted in:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:84.25pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo12'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Forty Years of Research on Rent Seeking 2  <a href="books/40%20years%20of%20rent%20seeking%20volume%202"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Applications: Rent Seeking in Practice</span></a></span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>. Roger D. Congleton, Arye L. Hillman, Kai Konrad (Eds.), Springer 2008, pp. 545  557.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:84.25pt;text-indent:0in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[11]  Impediments to a competitive environment in Israel . Presented at <em><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";font-style:normal'>Symposium on American-Israel Economic Relations in Honor of the 40th Anniversary of the State of Israel</span></b></em><em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>, </span></em>New York, <span class=GramE>June</span> 1988. Published in conference proceedings, edited by <span class=SpellE>Mordechai</span> <span class=SpellE>Hacohen</span>, American-Israel Economic Corporation, New York 1989.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[12]  <a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2002_Chen_Hillman_Gu_Grabbing_hand.pdf"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>From the helping hand to the grabbing hand: Fiscal federalism in China</span></a> . <b><a href="%20http:/www.nus.edu.sg/SUP/981-02-4788-5.html%20"><span style='color:#004080;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>China's Economy into the New Century: Structural Issues and Problems</span></a></b><em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>,</span></em> John Wong and Lu Ding (Eds.), Singapore University Press, Singapore and World Scientific, New Jersey, 2002, pp. 193  215.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Chen Kang and <span class=SpellE>Gu</span> <span class=SpellE>Qingyang</span>, co-authors.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[13]  <a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2008_Hillman_Gains_from_trade_Murray_Kemp_volume.pdf"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Political institutions, jurisdictional boundaries, and rent creation</span></a> .<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>Keio Economic Studies</b>, nos. 1-2 2005, 42, 25  37. Special issue in honor of Professor <span class=SpellE>Michihiro</span> <span class=SpellE>Ohyama</span>, edited by Wilfred J. <span class=SpellE>Ethier</span> and Makoto Yano.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/c474636x1342k030/"><span style='color:#004080;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>[14]  </span><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Hobbes and the prophet Samuel on leviathan government .</span><span style='color:#004080;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'> <b>Public Choice, </b>2009<b>, </b>141, 1  4.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span></span></a></span><span class=MsoHyperlink><span style='color:#004080;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/5j17530w176140l2/"><span style='color:#004080;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>[14a]  </span><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Hobbes and Samuel: reply .</span><span style='color:#004080;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'> <b>Public Choice</b>, 2009, 141, 13  15.</span></a></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:47.9pt;text-indent:0in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=cvreference><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>2.2.3 Survey of the rent-seeking literature<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[15]  <a href="http://www.google.com/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=tOfPyZz_JdgC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PA1&amp;dq=Congleton+Hillman+Konrad+40+years+rent+seeking&amp;ots=_2uWcpmDoy&amp;sig=m24Hk3f3gtnVo5_uU6ZDVnIurmk#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Forty Years of Research on Rent Seeking: An overview</span></a> . Co-authors Roger D. Congleton and Kai A. Konrad. Springer, Berlin, 2008. In Volume 1: <a href="books/40%20years%20of%20rent%20seeking%20volume%201"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Theory of Rent Seeking</span></a> and Volume 2: <a href="books/40%20years%20of%20rent%20seeking%20volume%202"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Applications: Rent Seeking in Practice</span></a>, pp. 1  42.</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:1.0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>[16<span class=GramE>]<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:#1F497D; mso-themecolor:text2;font-style:normal'> </span></em></span></span><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;color:#1F497D;mso-themecolor:text2;font-style:normal'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2010_Hillman_Rent_Seeking_PC_Companion_Nov_22_2010.pdf" target="_blank">Rent seeking</a> . </span></em><span class=MsoHyperlink><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>In</span></span><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:#1F497D;mso-themecolor:text2;font-style: normal'> </span></em><em><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;font-style:normal'>The Elgar Companion to Public Choice</span></b></em><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:#1F497D;mso-themecolor:text2;font-style: normal'>, </span></em><span class=MsoHyperlink><span style='font-size:9.0pt; color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>2nd edition. Edited by Michael <span class=SpellE>Reksulak</span>, Laura <span class=SpellE>Razzolini</span>, and William F. <span class=SpellE>Shughart</span> II. Edward Elgar, forthcoming 2012.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>2.3 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND DEVELOPMENT FAILURE<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>The research on development policy and development failure was undertaken during visits to the Fiscal Affairs Department of the International Monetary Fund. In [17] I apply the description of the world due to Friedrich Nietzsche to the institutions of poor countries; there are strong and weak, and conscience and ethical behavior are absent, with adverse consequences for productive incentives and economic development. [18] <span class=GramE>documents</span> self-financing of schooling through voluntary user prices by poor parents in poor countries; parents resort to user prices when governments have not fulfilled a basic responsibility of providing adequate schooling for children. [19] <span class=GramE>shows</span> that, for low-income countries, growth of per capita increases when public spending (or the government budgetary deficit) declines, which indicates negative marginal product of government, ostensibly because of the rent creation and rent seeking avoided when the size of government declines. [20] <span class=GramE>shows</span> the consequences of government-directed credits when government officials are corrupt. [21] <span class=GramE>and</span> [22] are extended review articles of books substantiating that development failure is the consequence of behavior of political decision makers in poor countries. [23] <span class=GramE>is</span> an overview of the relation between institutions and economic development.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:blue'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>[17]<span style='color:blue'>  <span class=SpellE><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:PUCH.0000033330.54694.fe"><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'>Nietzschean</span></a></span></span></span></p> <span class=MsoHyperlink><span style='font-size:9.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HE;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>development failures</span></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana; color:blue;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HE'> </span><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HE'>, </span></i><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HE'>Public Choice</span></b><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HE'>, </span></i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HE'>June 2004, 119, 263  280.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US; mso-bidi-language:HE'> </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HE'><o:p></o:p></span> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 69.75pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo14'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:PUCH.0000033330.54694.fe"><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol;color:windowtext;font-weight:normal;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='color:windowtext; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/dx\.doi\.org\/10\.1023\/B\:PUCH\.0000033330\.54694\.fe\0022 "'>Revised version <span style='font-weight:normal'>of  <span style='mso-field-code: " HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/wp\/2000\/wp00187\.pdf\0022 "'>Poverty, inequality, and unethical behavior of the strong</span> . Working Paper no 00/187, November 2000,</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana; font-weight:normal'> International Monetary Fund, Washington D.C.</span></span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:windowtext;font-weight:normal;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:PUCH.0000033330.54694.fe"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/wp\/2000\/wp00187\.pdf\0022 "'>[18]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/wp\/2002\/wp02182\.pdf\0022 "'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:blue'>User payments for basic education in low-income countries</span></span> . In: <b><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/nft\/2004\/hcd\/index\.htm\0022 "'><span style='color:#004080'>Helping countries Develop: The Role of Fiscal Policy</span></span></b>, Sanjeev Gupta, Benedict Clements,&nbsp;and Gabriela <span class=SpellE>Inchauste</span> (Eds.), International Monetary Fund, Washington DC, 2004, pp. 233  264. Eva <span class=SpellE>Jenkner</span>, co-author.</span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:69.75pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo16'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2000/wp00187.pdf"><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='color:windowtext; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/nft\/2004\/hcd\/index\.htm\0022 "'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/wp\/2002\/wp02182\.pdf\0022 "'><u><span style='color:blue'>Working Paper no 02/182</span></u></span>, November 2002, International Monetary Fund, Washington D.C.</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:69.75pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo16'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/nft/2004/hcd/index.htm"><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='color:windowtext; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/wp\/2002\/wp02182\.pdf\0022 "'>Non-technical version: <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/issues\/issues33\/index\.htm\0022 "'><span style='color:blue'>How to pay for basic education: Poor children in poor countries, </span><b>Economic</b><u> </u><b>Issues</b> 33, 2004</span>, International Monetary Fund, Washington DC.</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2002/wp02182.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/issues\/issues33\/index\.htm\0022 "'>[19]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-4BHVJ4D-4-9&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=09%2F30%2F2004&amp;_sk=999799996&amp;view=c&amp;wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkWA&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=17ba2df1db4f1e2ccf1203ab1af0267c&amp;i%20\0022 "'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:blue'>Growth, governance, and fiscal-policy transmission channels in low-income countries</span></span> .<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span><b>European Journal of Political Economy</b>, September 2004, 20, 517  549.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=SpellE>Emanuele</span> Baldacci, Naoko <span class=SpellE>Kojo</span> co-authors.</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-2.25pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/issues/issues33/index.htm"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-4BHVJ4D-4-9&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=09%2F30%2F2004&amp;_sk=999799996&amp;view=c&amp;wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkWA&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=17ba2df1db4f1e2ccf1203ab1af0267c&amp;i%20\0022 "'>Revised version of <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/wp\/2003\/wp03237\.pdf\0022 "'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:blue'>Working Paper no 03/237</span></span>, December 2003, International Monetary Fund, Washington DC).</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 72.3pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo18'><span style='font-size: 9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-4BHVJ4D-4-9&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=09%2F30%2F2004&amp;_sk=999799996&amp;view=c&amp;wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkWA&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=17ba2df1db4f1e2ccf1203ab1af0267c&amp;i%20"><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='color:windowtext; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/wp\/2003\/wp03237\.pdf\0022 "'>Reprinted in: <b><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/nft\/2004\/hcd\/index\.htm\0022 "'><span style='color:#004080'>Helping countries Develop: The Role of Fiscal Policy</span></span></b>, Sanjeev Gupta, Benedict Clements,&nbsp;and Gabriela <span class=SpellE>Inchauste</span> (Eds.), International Monetary Fund, Washington DC, 2004, pp. 67  104.</span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.5in;mso-layout-grid-align:none; text-autospace:none'><span class=Stylecvpapers10ptChar><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><a href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2003/wp03237.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.imf\.org\/external\/pubs\/nft\/2004\/hcd\/index\.htm\0022 "'>[20]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2007_Hillman-Krausz_Directed_credits_and_corruption\.pdf\0022 "'><u><span style='color:blue'>Directed credits and corruption</span></u></span> . In Rahul Gupta and <span class=SpellE>Santap</span> <span class=SpellE>Sanhari</span> Mishra (Eds.), <b><span style='mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2007_Gupta_Mishra_cover\.pdf\0022 "'><u><span style='color:blue'>Corruption</span></u><u><span style='color:blue; mso-fareast-language:HE'>: The Causes and Combating Strategies</span></u></span></span></b>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The <span class=SpellE>Icfai</span> University Press, Hyderabad, 2007, pp. 73-81. Miriam Krausz, co-author.</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><a href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/nft/2004/hcd/index.htm"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'><a href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/nft/2004/hcd/index.htm"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2007_Gupta_Mishra_cover\.pdf\0022 "'>Review articles and surveys</span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:HE;font-weight:normal;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2007_Gupta_Mishra_cover.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2007_Gupta_Mishra_cover\.pdf\0022 "'>[21]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-4CYPX43-3-1&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2004&amp;_sk=999799995&amp;view=c&amp;wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkWz&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=97a1c2aeb84dbe37b6036f0adc0e73da&amp;i%20\0022 "'><span style='color:blue'>Corruption and public finance: an IMF perspective</span></span> .<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>European Journal of Political Economy</b>, December 2004, 20, 1067  77.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Review of: Governance, Corruption, and Economic Performance.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>George T. Abed and Sanjeev Gupta, (Eds.), International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC, 2002.</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2007_Gupta_Mishra_cover.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-4CYPX43-3-1&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2004&amp;_sk=999799995&amp;view=c&amp;wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkWz&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=97a1c2aeb84dbe37b6036f0adc0e73da&amp;i%20\0022 "'>[22]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-46Y9WX4-B-3&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2002&amp;_sk=999819995&amp;wchp=dGLbVzz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000047720&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=1005079&amp;md5=535184c597a0b9c15d524b2a68c0ede3&amp;ie=f\.pd%20\0022 "'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:blue'>The World Bank and the persistence of poverty in poor countries</span></span> <span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>, <em><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;font-style:normal'>European Journal of Political Economy</span></b></em><em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>,</span></em> December 2002, 18, 783  95.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Review of: The Elusive Quest for Growth, by William Easterly, MIT Press, 2001.</span></span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.5in;mso-layout-grid-align:none; text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-4CYPX43-3-1&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2004&amp;_sk=999799995&amp;view=c&amp;wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkWz&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=97a1c2aeb84dbe37b6036f0adc0e73da&amp;i%20"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-46Y9WX4-B-3&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2002&amp;_sk=999819995&amp;wchp=dGLbVzz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000047720&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=1005079&amp;md5=535184c597a0b9c15d524b2a68c0ede3&amp;ie=f\.pd%20\0022 "'>[23]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries\.pdf\0022 "'><span style='color:blue'>Democracy and low-income countries</span></span> . In <b>Public Choice and Challenges of Democracy</b>, edited by José Casas <span class=SpellE>Pardo</span> and Pedro Schwartz, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, U.K., 2007, pp. 277  294.</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-46Y9WX4-B-3&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2002&amp;_sk=999819995&amp;wchp=dGLbVzz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000047720&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=1005079&amp;md5=535184c597a0b9c15d524b2a68c0ede3&amp;ie=f.pd%20"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V97-46Y9WX4-B-3&amp;_cdi=5891&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2002&amp;_sk=999819995&amp;wchp=dGLbVzz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000047720&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=1005079&amp;md5=535184c597a0b9c15d524b2a68c0ede3&amp;ie=f.pd%20"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries\.pdf\0022 "'>2.4 PATERNALIST POLICIES</span></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;color:windowtext;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p class=Stylecvpapers10pt style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries\.pdf\0022 "'>[24]  Notions of merit want , <b>Public Finance</b>, No. 2, 1980, 35, 213  226.</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries\.pdf\0022 "'>2.5 PUBLIC POLICY AND PUBLIC SAFETY</span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:windowtext;background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p class=cvreference style='margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in'><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries\.pdf\0022 "'>A moral dilemma arises when it is impossible to identify who is a terrorist before an act of terror is committed. [25] <span class=GramE>describes</span> how the moral dilemma affects the public policy response in defense against terror. [26] <span class=GramE>reviews</span> the literature on economic progress under Islam and proposes supplementary reasons, related to supreme values, for economic outcomes under the governance of radical Islam.</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p class=referencestyle style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom: 6.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries\.pdf\0022 "'>[25]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/faculty\.biu\.ac\.il\/~hillman\/books\/2005_Franck_Hillman_Krausz_Public_safety_and_moral_dilemma\.pdf\0022 "'><span style='color:blue'>Public safety and the moral dilemma in the defense against terror</span></span> , <b>Defense and Peace Economics</b>, October 2005, 16, 347  364.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Raphael Franck, Miriam Krausz co-authors. (<span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.cepr\.org\/pubs\/new-dps\/dplist\.asp?dpno=4736\0022 "'><span style='color:blue'>CEPR</span></span><span style='color:blue'> DP 4736</span><span style='color:#004080'>, November 2004).<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></span></span></span><span style='color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language: HE;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:31.75pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt; margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~hillman/books/2007_Hillman_Democracy_and_low_income_countries.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.cepr\.org\/pubs\/new-dps\/dplist\.asp?dpno=4736\0022 "'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.cepr\.org\/pubs\/new-dps\/dplist\.asp?dpno=4736\0022 "'><span style='color:#004080'>[26]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022books\/Supreme_values_PC2007\.pdf\0022 "'><span style='color:blue'>Economic and security consequences of supreme values</span></span> .<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>Public Choice</b>, 2007, 30, 259  280.</span></span></span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:31.7pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt; margin-left:0in;text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.cepr.org/pubs/new-dps/dplist.asp?dpno=4736"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.cepr\.org\/pubs\/new-dps\/dplist\.asp?dpno=4736\0022 "'>Reprinted as:</span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:#004080;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 72.3pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo18'><span style='font-size: 9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.cepr.org/pubs/new-dps/dplist.asp?dpno=4736"><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]><span dir=LTR></span><span style='color:windowtext; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.cepr\.org\/pubs\/new-dps\/dplist\.asp?dpno=4736\0022 "'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022books\/Supreme_values_PC2007\.pdf\0022 "'><span style='color:#004080'>An economic perspective on radical Islam. In Hillel Frisch and Efraim Inbar (Eds.), <b><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.routledge\.com\/9780415444606\0022 "'><span style='color:blue'>Radical Islam and International Security: Challenges and Responses</span></span></b>, Routledge, London, 2008, pp. 44  69.</span></span></span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.cepr.org/pubs/new-dps/dplist.asp?dpno=4736"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.cepr.org/pubs/new-dps/dplist.asp?dpno=4736"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022books\/Supreme_values_PC2007\.pdf\0022 "'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.routledge\.com\/9780415444606\0022 "'>2.6 CLUBS</span>, PRIVILEGE, AND EXCLUSION</span></span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;color:#004080;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p class=cvreference style='margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in'><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="books/Supreme_values_PC2007.pdf"><span style='color:windowtext; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.routledge\.com\/9780415444606\0022 "'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.routledge\.com\/9780415444606\0022 "'>In early papers I studied voluntary sharing arrangements, also known as the theory of  clubs . I was interested in the consequences of privilege and exclusion.</span></span></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.routledge.com/9780415444606"><span style='color:windowtext; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.routledge\.com\/9780415444606\0022 "'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.routledge\.com\/9780415444606\0022 "'><span style='color:#004080'>[27]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/links\.jstor\.org\/sici?sici=0013-0427%28197708%292%3A44%3A175%3C293%3ATROOCS%3E2\.0\.CO%3B2-L%0D%0A\0022 "'><span style='color:blue'>Two remarks on optimal club size</span></span> ,<em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> </span></em><em><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";font-style:normal'>Economica</span></b></em>, August 1977, 44, 293  96. Elhanan Helpman co-author.</span></span></span></span><span style='color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:HE;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.routledge.com/9780415444606"><span style='color:windowtext; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.routledge\.com\/9780415444606\0022 "'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/links\.jstor\.org\/sici?sici=0013-0427%28197708%292%3A44%3A175%3C293%3ATROOCS%3E2\.0\.CO%3B2-L%0D%0A\0022 "'><span style='color:#004080'>[28]  The theory of clubs: A technological formulation , in<em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> </span></em><em><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";font-style:normal'>Essays in Public Economics</span></b></em><em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>,</span></em> edited by Agnar Sandmo, D.C. Heath and Co., Lexington, Mass., 1978, 29  47.</span></span></span></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.routledge.com/9780415444606"><span style='color:windowtext; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/links\.jstor\.org\/sici?sici=0013-0427%28197708%292%3A44%3A175%3C293%3ATROOCS%3E2\.0\.CO%3B2-L%0D%0A\0022 "'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/links\.jstor\.org\/sici?sici=0013-0427%28197708%292%3A44%3A175%3C293%3ATROOCS%3E2\.0\.CO%3B2-L%0D%0A\0022 "'><span style='color:#004080'>[29]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V84-4590XGK-128-1&amp;_cdi=5860&amp;_orig=search&amp;_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1979&amp;_sk=999959995&amp;wchp=dGLbVlz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=ce4c2bce14d0460f3e64274296413caf&amp;ie=f\.p%20\0022 "'><span style='color:blue'>Club participation under uncertainty , </span><b>Economics Letters</b></span>, 1979, 4, 307  12. Peter L. Swan co-author.</span></span></span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:#004080;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0013-0427%28197708%292%3A44%3A175%3C293%3ATROOCS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-L%0D%0A"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/links\.jstor\.org\/sici?sici=0013-0427%28197708%292%3A44%3A175%3C293%3ATROOCS%3E2\.0\.CO%3B2-L%0D%0A\0022 "'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V84-4590XGK-128-1&amp;_cdi=5860&amp;_orig=search&amp;_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1979&amp;_sk=999959995&amp;wchp=dGLbVlz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=ce4c2bce14d0460f3e64274296413caf&amp;ie=f\.p%20\0022 "'><span style='color:#004080'>[30]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022%20http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V76-458WPKC-9H-1&amp;_cdi=5834&amp;_orig=browse&amp;_coverDate=02%2F28%2F1983&amp;_sk=999799998&amp;wchp=dGLbVtb-lSztW&amp;_acct=C000047720&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=1005079&amp;md5=20ea6b9631b956c90abbd6ebdc8a75f4&amp;ie=%20\0022 "'><span style='color:blue'>Participation rules for Pareto-optimal clubs </span><u><span style='color:blue'>,</span></u><b> Journal of Public Economics</b></span><em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>,</span></em> February 1983, 20, 55  76. Peter L. Swan co-author.</span></span></span></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:1.0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0013-0427%28197708%292%3A44%3A175%3C293%3ATROOCS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-L%0D%0A"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:1.0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0013-0427%28197708%292%3A44%3A175%3C293%3ATROOCS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-L%0D%0A"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V84-4590XGK-128-1&amp;_cdi=5860&amp;_orig=search&amp;_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1979&amp;_sk=999959995&amp;wchp=dGLbVlz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=ce4c2bce14d0460f3e64274296413caf&amp;ie=f\.p%20\0022 "'>2.7 OTHER TOPICS IN PUBLIC POLICY</span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; color:#004080;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:1.0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V84-4590XGK-128-1&amp;_cdi=5860&amp;_orig=search&amp;_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1979&amp;_sk=999959995&amp;wchp=dGLbVlz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=ce4c2bce14d0460f3e64274296413caf&amp;ie=f.p%20"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V84-4590XGK-128-1&amp;_cdi=5860&amp;_orig=search&amp;_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1979&amp;_sk=999959995&amp;wchp=dGLbVlz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=ce4c2bce14d0460f3e64274296413caf&amp;ie=f\.p%20\0022 "'>Tax competition</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:1.0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V84-4590XGK-128-1&amp;_cdi=5860&amp;_orig=search&amp;_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1979&amp;_sk=999959995&amp;wchp=dGLbVlz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=ce4c2bce14d0460f3e64274296413caf&amp;ie=f.p%20"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.sciencedirect\.com\/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V84-4590XGK-128-1&amp;_cdi=5860&amp;_orig=search&amp;_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1979&amp;_sk=999959995&amp;wchp=dGLbVlz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=ce4c2bce14d0460f3e64274296413caf&amp;ie=f\.p%20\0022 "'>[31]  <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/onlinelibrary\.wiley\.com\/doi\/10\.1111\/j\.1475-4932\.1982\.tb00371\.x\/pdf\0022 "'><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:blue'>State-federal resource tax rivalry: The Queensland<b> </b>railway and the federal export tax</span></span> . Economic Record, 1982, 58, 235 -241. James <span class=SpellE>Cassing</span>, co-author </span></span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext; text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in;text-align:justify'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&amp;_imagekey=B6V84-4590XGK-128-1&amp;_cdi=5860&amp;_orig=search&amp;_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1979&amp;_sk=999959995&amp;wchp=dGLbVlz-lSzBS&amp;_acct=C000046180&amp;_version=1&amp;_userid=856235&amp;md5=ce4c2bce14d0460f3e64274296413caf&amp;ie=f.p%20"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/onlinelibrary\.wiley\.com\/doi\/10\.1111\/j\.1475-4932\.1982\.tb00371\.x\/pdf\0022 "'>Public goods and public inputs</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in; margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1982.tb00371.x/pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/onlinelibrary\.wiley\.com\/doi\/10\.1111\/j\.1475-4932\.1982\.tb00371\.x\/pdf\0022 "'>[32]  Symmetries and asymmetries between public input and public good equilibria , <b>Public Finance</b>, No.3, 1978, 33, 269  79.</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> <p style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: 0in;text-align:justify'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1982.tb00371.x/pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/onlinelibrary\.wiley\.com\/doi\/10\.1111\/j\.1475-4932\.1982\.tb00371\.x\/pdf\0022 "'>Political culture</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left: .5in;text-indent:-.5in'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1982.tb00371.x/pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/onlinelibrary\.wiley\.com\/doi\/10\.1111\/j\.1475-4932\.1982\.tb00371\.x\/pdf\0022 "'>[33]  <span style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022books\/science\.pdf\0022 "'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>Why political culture should be in the lexicon of economics</span></span> ,<em><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'> </span></em><em><b><span style='font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana;font-style:normal'>European Journal of Political Economy</span></b></em>, March 2000, 16, 1  4. Otto Swank co-author.</span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> <td width=827 style='width:496.25pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1982.tb00371.x/pdf"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></a></span></p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <p class=MsoNormal><span class=MsoHyperlink><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt; color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1982.tb00371.x/pdf"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></a></span></b></span></p> </div> </body> </html>